ABSTRACT
O artigo tem por objetivo apresentar um panorama da compra de alimentos provenientes da agricultura familiar, analisando o seu cumprimento frente às novas diretrizes de execução do Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar (PNAE). Trata-se de ensaio crítico realizado com base em revisão da literatura e em dados oficiais fornecidos pelo Fundo Nacional de Desenvolvimento da Educação/Ministério da Educação/PNAE, referentes às prestações de contas dos órgãos gestores municipais relativas ao exercício 2010. O orçamento do PNAE em 2010 foi de aproximadamente R$ 2,5 bilhões e beneficiou 45,6 milhões de estudantes da educação básica e de jovens e adultos. Deste montante, R$ 150.397.052,68 foram destinados para a compra da agricultura familiar. No Brasil, 47,4% dos municípios adquiriram alimentos da agricultura familiar para o PNAE e o percentual médio de compra nestes municípios foi de 22,7%. Em função do caráter recente da legislação, destaca-se a necessidade de organização de gestores e agricultores para a efetivação desta normativa nos diferentes contextos brasileiros e assim contribuir tanto para o desenvolvimento econômico local, como para o fornecimento de refeições aos escolares que atendam aos princípios de uma alimentação saudável e adequada.
This article seeks to describe the viewpoint of purchasing food products from family farmers, analyzing their performance within the new guidelines of the Brazilian School Nutrition Program (PNAE). It is a critical assessment based on a review of the literature and the official data provided by the National Fund for the Development of Education/Ministry of Education relating to 2010. The program budget in 2010 was approximately R$2.5 billion and attended 45.6 million children, adolescents and adults. From the total amount, R$150,397,052.68 was allocated for the purchase of agricultural products from family farmers. In Brazil, 47.4% of the local councils acquired food products from family farmers for the Brazilian School Nutrition Program and the purchase percentage was, on average, 22.7%. Given the nature of recent legislation, other aspects should be explored in order to strengthen the compliance with the regulations in different Brazilian contexts and thus contribute both to local economic development and the provision of school meals which fulfill the principles of a healthy and adequate diet.
Subject(s)
Humans , Agriculture , Family , Food Assistance , Food Supply , Schools , Brazil , Food Assistance/legislation & jurisprudence , Food Assistance/organization & administrationABSTRACT
Recent trends place an emphasis on school health care, the ultimate goal of which is to protect, maintain, and promote students' health. School health care is a program that integrates health care services, health education, health counseling, and local social health services. The student health examination (SHE) system is a part of school health care and schools and communities must be available to provide professional health services. Pediatricians also have important roles as experts in both school health care and the SHE system. In this article, the history of school health care, its legal basis, and the current status of the SHE system in Korea are reviewed. Furthermore, sample surveys from the past few years are reviewed. Through this holistic approach, future directions are proposed for the improvement of SHE and school health care.
Subject(s)
Humans , Counseling , Delivery of Health Care , Health Education , Health Services , Hypogonadism , Korea , Mitochondrial Diseases , Ophthalmoplegia , School Health ServicesABSTRACT
Medical Health IC card is a smart card built-in a microprocessor and a memory that stores individual health care information. The card is carried by the individual and presented to the medical doctor whin needed. Being connected with the existing networks, the card enables full automation of hospital management and formation of complete medical databases. Futhermore, the card links hospitals with nation-wide medical networks. The focus of this study is on what data should actually be stored in the card, and how the card to be used effectively in maternal-child and school health service. In this paper, existing literatures about prenatal care using medical health IC card were reviewed. and standardization efforts of medical IC card conducted by the ISO and Japanese Department of Health and Welfare were analyzed. This allowed us to pick the most suitable items based on the actual situation in Korea and how to systematically collect and record such data. As a result. we were able to present a standard that follows international standards and includes all additional information from maternal-child health care in major Korean hospitals, child health record published by the Korean pediatric society, and physical examinations done in elementary, middle and high schools in Korea. Also, The terminology of each item was standardized conforming to the Korean standard medical terminology.